Knowledge Economy Studies

Promoting Environmental Sustainability through Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review of Detection, Prevention, and Treatment Applications in Houseplants and Home Greenhouses

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Sara Mazaheri 1
Neda Abdolvand 2

1 Department of Management, Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Management, Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, Alzahra University

https://doi.org/10.22034/kes.2026.2093445.1123
Abstract
Ornamental houseplants and home greenhouses, as part of urban agriculture and indoor cultivation, are playing a growing role in environmental sustainability, household food security, indoor air quality, and urban well-being. This review asked how far the existing literature has actually moved beyond reactive disease detection toward a complete cycle of intelligent and sustainable plant protection — one that also covers early prediction, treatment decision support, and deployment in users' real homes. Following PRISMA 2020, the researchers analyzed 55 primary studies published between 2015 and 2025. Thematic coding produced 23 codes across 9 categories and 4 dimensions: disease detection (64%), prediction and early warning (18%), treatment support (9%), and home/greenhouse deployment (7%). The reported accuracy reached 95–99% in laboratory settings but fell to 70–85% once models were tested in real environments. We identified five structural gaps: a strong bias toward reactive over preventive approaches, a persistent laboratory-to-reality accuracy gap, an almost complete absence of data for indoor ornamental species, no use whatsoever of large language models for treatment guidance, and a weak theoretical connection to sustainable agriculture and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles. Future work should prioritize lightweight, generalizable models that integrate with environmental sensing under an IPM framework, thereby translating technical accuracy into measurable sustainability outcomes.

Keywords

Houseplants
Home Greenhouse
Plant Disease Detection
Deep Learning
Environmental Sustainability
Sustainable Agriculture.
Subjects
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Knowledge Economy Studies
Volume 3, Issue 3
Autumn 2026
Pages 37-64

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